Austenite, ferrite, martensite, PH, thiab duplex stainless hlau
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm stainless hlau? Austenitic stainless hlau puas tuaj yeem kho cua sov? ferritic stainless hlau puas tuaj yeem kho cua sov? Dab tsi stainless hlau koj tuaj yeem kho tau? Dab tsi ua rau stainless hlau xeb resistant?
Cov kev paub niaj hnub niaj hnub qhia peb tias steel corrodes. Muab dej thiab oxygen, thiab nws yuav xeb. Porous xeb yuav txuas ntxiv loj hlob thiab tev tawm mus txog thaum nws thiaj li siv tag nrho cov hlau. Tab sis ntxiv cov chromium txaus rau cov hlau tsuas yog tsim ib txheej nyias ntawm oxide, uas yuav tsis cia corrosion mus ntxiv. Raws li cov ntsiab lus chromium nyob rau hauv cov alloy thiab cov teebmeem ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus, ntau yam khoom siv nrog ntau yam kev sib xyaw ua ke tau raug tsim los ua cov qauv alloys.
Qhov ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb, qhov kub thiab txias, xav tau lub zog, kev tsim khoom, thiab qhov kawg ... tus nqi tag nrho suav nrog xaiv hom stainless hlau siv rau hauv ib daim ntawv thov.
Stainless hlau tau muab faib ua austenite, ferrite, martensite, duplex lossis nag lossis daus hardening raws li nws cov qauv metallurgical.
austenitic stainless hlau
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Lub AISI 200 thiab 300 series ... tsis tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm kev kho cua sov. HT nyob ntawm tus qauv hloov nrog kub. Los ntawm qhov kub siab txog 1900 ° C mus rau qhov tsis zoo 300 ° C, cov qib no tseem nyob hauv lub xeev austenitic. Raws li ib txwm muaj, yuav luag tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov hlau nplaum. Txias ua hauj lwm cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua rau nws sib nqus me ntsis. Cov hom uas feem ntau hu ua "18-8" (uas txhais tau hais tias qhov nominal npaum li cas ntawm CR yog 18% thiab tus nqi nominal ntawm Ni yog 8%) yog 303, 304, thiab 316. 316 kuj ntxiv molybdenum, uas. txhim kho corrosion kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw piv rau 304. Tsis tas li ntawd, 316 muaj zog antioxidant zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm sulfur rau 303 stainless hlau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm, tab sis txi qee qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Annealed xeev yog cov feem ntau corrosion-resistant thiab feem ntau siv. Nws pom zoo lub zog thiab toughness nyob rau hauv qis-kub siv.
02
Qee cov AISI 400 series alloys tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tawv nqaij los ntawm kev kho cua sov vim tias cov hlau tsis muaj steel tseem tuav lub xeev ferrite nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Qee cov hlau tsis muaj hlau ua rau cov hlau nplaum zoo li cov hlau zoo tib yam. Qib "Ntshiab Cr" ntawm 405 thiab 409 stainless hlau muaj cov ntsiab lus Cr tsawg, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv lub tshuab ua pa uas zoo li tsis tseem ceeb. 430 stainless hlau thiab lwm yam alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus chromium siab dua tuaj yeem tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tswj kom zoo dua rau cov ntawv thov xws li tsheb lossis khoom siv hauv tsev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm tus nqi qis dua qib austenitic.
Annealed xeev yog qhov feem ntau corrosion-resistant.
Martensitic stainless hlau tsim los ntawm cov nyiaj pub dawb los ntawm AISI 400 series tuaj yeem ua kom tawv tawv los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Kev kho cua sov zoo ib yam li kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlau alloy. Lawv muaj cov qauv austenitic nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias txias kom hloov mus rau hauv cov qauv martensitic. Lawv feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho hardened tej yam kev mob kom ua tau zoo corrosion kuj, thaum tseem muaj zog thiab hardness. Raws li ntau hom, tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm HRc (Rockwell hardness) rau 410 thiab 416 stainless hlau tuaj yeem yog 60HRc rau 440c stainless hlau, vim qhov siab tshaj plaws hardness tom qab kev kho cua sov yog nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon. Qhov ua tiav hardness nce nrog qhov nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon. Cov hlau tsis zoo no kuj ua rau cov hlau nplaum zoo li ferrite.
PH nag lossis daus hardened stainless hlau
03
PH stands rau " nag lossis daus hardening". Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Lawv feem ntau kuj ua rau cov hlau nplaum. Cov alloy feem ntau yog 630 stainless hlau, feem ntau hu ua "17-4". Kev kho cua sov suav nrog kev kub siab "kev daws teeb meem" (tseem hu ua annealing lossis kev daws teeb meem annealing), ua raws li "kev laus" ntawm qhov kub ntawm 900 F thiab 1150 F. Thaum 900 teev, lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm corrosion yog siab dua. Lub zog txo nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thaum lub caij nyoog kub nce, tab sis lub toughness nce. Rau qee qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, kev ua haujlwm corrosion kuj tau txhim kho. Hauv cov ntawv thov no, lub zog thiab kev ua haujlwm corrosion yog yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog.
Thaum kawg, muaj duplex stainless hlau, uas yog ib hom stainless hlau nrog ib tug sib tov qauv ntawm austenite thiab ferrite, siv rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb tshaj li nyob rau hauv no stainless hlau qhia. Ntau lub npe muaj npe, thaum qee qhov, xws li 2205, yog suav tias yog cov npe lossis cov npe thoob ntiaj teb stainless hlau.